Hello, my name is silver wolf.
I am making this page to let you know about Wolves.
There are many different types of wolves.
Most of them are endagered or extinct.
Wolf Sounds
Wolves howl for a variety of reasons.
Pack members will chorus howl to defend their territory and rally the pack together.
Most howls heard in the pack are chorus howls.
These group "sing-a-longs" may be started by any pack member, or they may be a response to the howling of a neighboring pack of wolves or a coyote.
Wolves will even howl to something that even sounds similar like a train whistle, fire or police car siren or even a human.
Such howls, though social in nature, also serve to defend the pack's territory against other wolves.
Wolves can recognize the voices of others.
The response of a packmate, of a known neighboring pack or a complete stranger are all solicit different responses.
Contrary to popular belief, wolves do not howl at the full moon any more often than at any other time of month.
They also do not howl just at night.
They do howl more frequently during the hours around sunrise and sunset, for they are more active then.
Wolves also howl more often in the winter months than in the summer.
However they can be heard howling any time of day any time of the year.
The Life of the Wolf
Pups are born in the spring in little cozy spots, like small caves, hollowed out logs, or--most often--underground dens (which are dug by both sexes and used again, year after year) after a gestation period of 62-63 days.
The dens can be more like tunnels, 10 to 30 feet long, with the room at the end large enough for a small-sized adult human to sit in.
Generally there are 5 or 6 pups in a litter, all deaf, blind, blue-eyed (their eyes change color later) and weighing about one pound.
Before they are born and while they are being nursed, other wolves will feed the mother wolf by bringing her food or regurgitating food for her to eat.
For the first week or so, the mother spends most of her time in the den with her babies as they are unable to regulate their body temperature very well and depend on her for warmth. The mother slowly extends her time away from them and almost every pack member becomes involved in the care of the young.
Females, whether they are biological mothers or not, can also nurse the pups; in fact, there is often a bit of competition between the females for access to the young.
During the second week, their eyes open up and activity increases.
The pups grow quickly, too, and at around 3 weeks of age start to explore outside the den.
Their baby teeth come in and they begin to eat solid food brought to them by wolves of both sexes who sometimes throw up food they have eaten so the pups can eat--the same way as was done for mother wolf when she was pregnant.
The mothers are seldom fed by the others after the pups emerge from the den and, by this time, she often leave the pups alone or with another adult or yearling while she hunts for food.
Yearlings are sort of in-between in behavior, still being fed by adult wolves, but also taking responsibility in feeding the pups.
At around 9 weeks of age, the pups are weaned and moved out of the den to the "rendezvous site."
All pack members seem to like playing with and caring for pups.
The adults play with each other, too.
Adults and pups play by chasing, jumping over each other, ambushing and wrestling with jaws or forelimbs.
Other play behaviors include muzzling, tail wagging, paw raising and licking faces---and running!
Though their usual walking speed is about 5 miles per hour, a wolf can run 35 to 40 m.p.h. (this is their "sprint" speed, not their distance speed).
(The average distance a wolf travels in a day is 10 to 15 miles, but sometimes they will travel 50 miles in a day.)
...So, the pup becomes a young wolf, losing his baby teeth (at 4 to 6 mos) and finally getting his 42 adult teeth (see chart below for wolf dentition), and quickly enough becoming a yearling; but only about 25% of pups born in the wild make it through their first year, the rest dying because of lack of food, disease (mange, parvovirus among others), accident or attack by bears or humans. If a wolf survives to yearling status and becomes a full adult, her/his weight can be anywhere from 80 to 100 pounds average for female and male respectively (males are roughly 20% larger than females. They can get up to 175 pounds in weight). They grow to be about 6 or 6 1/2 feet long from the very tip of the tail to the tip of their nose, and are about 2 1/2 feet tall at their shoulder. They become sexually mature at 22 months.
In the wild, wolves generally live to around 8 years of age but can live to the ripe old age of 13 or so. (In captivity, wolves live as long as domestic dogs).
Communication
Perhaps the most heartfelt appeal of the Wolf is the expressive nature of its face. Unlike other animals, the Wolf can express "how it feels" through a variety of subtle facial gestures. These gestures are amplified by black and white markings that outline the Wolf's eyes, ears, lips and muzzle. The ability to convey "feelings" like fear or excitement ensures clear communication between pack members and fosters a spirit of cooperation and friendliness.
The Wolf in Nature...fact
Wolves play an essential role in the forest ecosystem, a role that does not admit stand-ins. Efficient predators are not just permissible; they're necessary. And for markedly nonbiological reasons, most Americans said, in survey after survey, that they want to see wolves in the wild. Polls undertaken by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and other agencies in Wyoming, Idaho and Colorado show that a clear majority-nearly 70 percent-of residents support reintroduction there. A similar number of residents of Michigan's Upper Peninsula, many of whom identified themselves as hunters, supported returning the wolf to the wild. In polls conducted at Yellowstone and Rocky Mountain national parks, 78 percent of visitors favored reintroduction. Soon wolves will likely be reintroduced to other places they once inhabited: the broken canyons and forests of Arizona, New Mexico and Colorado; the dense forests of New York's Adirondack Mountains; pockets of Idaho and Washington; even Louisiana.
In Alaska and elsewhere, healthy populations of wolves may reduce the numbers of game animals in the vicinity, and too-abundant deer are a major problem in many parts of the country, but the impact of wolves on ungulate populations is minimal compared to the work of humans. According to the Michigan Department of Natural Resources, for example, the 1995 deer population in the Upper Peninsula stood at more than 750,000. Wolves and other predators ate several hundred deer over the winter census period; cars, on the other hand, killed 8,558 deer. Hunters bagged "only" 116,000.
Wolves serve an important purpose in Nature, weeding out older and sick prey thereby strengthening the overall condition of that prey. They also feed other types of animals with their "leftovers", bits of carcass they leave behind after a hunt. The role of this efficient predator, when given the its natural habitat, is essential. The problems arise when the natural order is disturbed.
The Wolf in Myth....
The Wolf has been portrayed in many fairy tales and myths. Wolves are portrayed as evil, vicious, ravenous slobering beasts with an insatiable appetite for human flesh. Wolves can at the right cycle of the moon possess a human soul. Even though there is not one documented case of a healthy wild wolf killing a human being, the stories, and the myths represent a large percentage of today's beliefs about wolves. And because of this misinformation, the Wolf has been all but annihilated from the face of the earth.